Pivotal role of credit ratings in emerging markets

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By Derek Rajack

A credit score metre, measuring a company’s credit ratings. Photo courtesy Freepik

With its roots stretching back to 2004, Caribbean Information and Credit Rating Services Ltd (CariCRIS) has established itself as the region’s leading credit rating agency.

Built on a foundation of strong institutional backing, CariCRIS brings together the region’s most important financial stakeholders, with shareholdings by regional central banks, multilateral development banks and major Caribbean financial institutions.

The agency’s technical capabilities are further enhanced through its partnership with CRISIL – a CariCRIS shareholder and Standard & Poor’s associate company – bringing global best practices to the Caribbean context.

Established to serve the Caribbean’s unique financial ecosystem, CariCRIS provides regional and national scale ratings that offer a comprehensive assessment of creditworthiness relative to other Caribbean entities. These ratings serve as essential tools for investors, creditors and other stakeholders in evaluating investment and lending decisions within the regional context.

Credit ratings play a pivotal role in emerging and developing markets, serving as independent references of creditworthiness and catalysts for market development.

In the context of the Caribbean, the impact is particularly significant. Through standardised and objective assessments, credit ratings foster transparency in financial markets and help reduce the information gap between issuers and investors. This work is instrumental in supporting the development of local currency bond markets and enabling more accurate pricing of debt instruments.

Perhaps most importantly, regional credit assessment facilitates cross-border investments within the Caribbean, creating a more integrated financial market.

For regional enterprises, the process of obtaining a credit rating from CariCRIS is straightforward. It involves a company submitting its financial and operational data to CariCRIS and facilitating meetings with the company’s executive team. The agency’s experienced analysts then thoroughly evaluate factors such as the company’s financial health, market position, strategy and management quality. Once the assessment is complete, the company receives its credit rating, which is assigned by an independent committee.

Dereck Rajack, CEO of CariCRIS

Being rated can result in a number of advantages. First and foremost, a credit rating can enhance access to funding.

Rated companies can tap into diverse funding sources, including bonds, commercial paper and bank financing.

Moreover, depending on the rating, these companies can often negotiate more favourable interest rates and terms, directly affecting their bottom line.

The benefits of a credit rating extend to a company’s market position as well. Rated companies demonstrate their commitment to transparency and good governance, which typically leads to improved relationships with suppliers and customers. This enhanced credibility can translate into better negotiating power in business dealings and increased confidence from all stakeholders.

The rating process itself delivers valuable operational insights. Through independent assessment of business operations, companies gain a clear understanding of their strengths and areas for improvement. This evaluation provides an opportunity to benchmark against regional peers, often leading to enhanced internal controls and risk management practices.

Furthermore, a rating increases a company’s visibility in the market. This heightened profile can attract new investors and business partners, create strategic alliance opportunities, generate enhanced media coverage and build greater customer trust. These benefits combine to create a stronger, more competitive market position.

The findings and outcome of the rating process are documented in a comprehensive rating report.

All rating reports provide a list of factors that can individually or collectively lead to the entity being upgraded or downgraded – these are called rating sensitivity factors.

Where a company’s rating experiences a decline or downgrade, the rating sensitivity factors provide insight into the key issues that need to be addressed to improve the rating.

This might include improving key financial metrics, suggestions for strengthening financial management practices, improving operational efficiency or enhancing corporate governance structures.

 

The same is true for entities seeking upgrades to their rating. The agency maintains regular monitoring and engagement with the rated company and does a complete annual review on the anniversary of the rating. Companies can achieve positive rating revisions by demonstrating sustained improvement in the identified areas of concern.

As the Caribbean’s credit rating agency, CariCRIS plays a key role in strengthening regional financial markets through its specialised rating services.

By providing regional and country-specific assessments, the agency facilitates cross-border investment and enables organisations to access diverse funding sources within their home markets and across the wider Caribbean region. Across the Caribbean region, credit ratings are being increasingly incorporated into financial regulation.

Regulatory bodies now integrate rating requirements into their oversight frameworks, using them to assess institutional risk and determine appropriate capital requirements.

As this trend continues and as ratings eventually become a requirement for certain activities, rated instruments should gain increased market liquidity, benefiting both issuers and investors throughout the region.

As Caribbean businesses continue to evolve and seek growth opportunities, credit ratings become an increasingly vital tool for success.

Whether seeking to raise capital, enhance market presence or improve operational efficiency, a CariCRIS rating provides valuable benefits for business growth and market development.

The path to a more vibrant and interconnected Caribbean financial market requires solid institutions and reliable market infrastructure.

CariCRIS has fulfilled its role as an independent credit rating agency for nearly two decades.

Through its work, CariCRIS is not just rating companies, it’s helping to build a more robust, more integrated Caribbean economy for the future.

As a member of the TTCSI, we consider it imperative for our business leaders to fully comprehend the value of credit ratings from all viewpoints, which include but are not limited to good corporate governance standards, transparency and accountability, as we seek to further strengthen the operations of our various organisations.

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Saint Lucia Electricity Services Limited

RATING ACTION:

On December 5, 2024, CariCRIS reaffirmed the Issuer/Corporate Credit Ratings assigned to Saint Lucia Electricity Services Limited (LUCELEC or the Company) at CariBBB- (Foreign and Local Currency Ratings) on the regional rating scale. A stable outlook was maintained.

RATING SENSITIVITY FACTORS:

Factors that could, individually or collectively, lead to an improvement in the Ratings and/or Outlook include:

  • An improvement in the credit rating of the sovereign over the next 12-15 months
  • Continued improvements in economic and business conditions over the next 12 months in Saint Lucia, thereby leading to increased electricity sales

Factors that could, individually or collectively, lead to a lowering of the Ratings and/or Outlook include:

  • A deterioration in the credit rating of the sovereign over the next 12-15 months
  • A greater than 10% decline in operating revenue sustained for 2 consecutive years
  • Trade receivables turnover greater than 65 days sustained for 2 years
  • Debt Service Coverage Ratio lower than 2 times sustained for 2 years
  • A change in the monopoly position afforded by regulation

 

Analysts’ Contact Info:

Keith Hamlet
Mobile: 1-868-487-8356
khamlet@caricris.com

Zwade Thompson
zthompson@caricris.com

www.caricris.com
info@caricris.com

Disclaimer: CariCRIS has taken due care and caution in compilation of data for this product. Information has been obtained by CariCRIS from sources which it considers reliable. However, CariCRIS does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy or completeness of any information and is not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of such information. No part of this report may be published / reproduced in any form without CariCRIS’ prior written approval. CariCRIS is also not responsible for any errors in transmission and especially states that it has no financial liability whatsoever to the subscribers/ users/ transmitters/ distributors of this product.

 

Saint Lucia Electricity Services Limited

CariCRIS reaffirms “adequate creditworthiness” ratings of Saint Lucia Electricity Services Limited

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Saint Lucia Electricity Services Limited (LUCELEC)

RATIONALE SUMMARY

Caribbean Information and Credit Rating Services Limited (CariCRIS), the Caribbean regional credit rating agency, has reaffirmed the ratings of CariBBB (Foreign Currency Rating) and CariBBB (Local Currency Rating) in its regional rating scale to the notional debt issue of the size of USD 15 million of Saint Lucia Electricity Services Limited (LUCELEC).  These ratings indicate that the level of creditworthiness of this obligation, adjudged in relation to other obligations in the Caribbean[1] is adequate.

The ratings on LUCELEC continue to reflect the company’s dominant market position in Saint Lucia, healthy financial profile and favorable operating efficiency.  These rating strengths are partially offset by the cyclical nature of the demand for LUCELEC services and its indirect exposure to fuel prices.  The rating strengths are also tempered by the risks of production outages and damage to property that result from its single location generation plant and self-insurance for its transmission and distribution infrastructure.
LUCELEC is the sole commercial supplier of electrical energy in Saint Lucia.  It has an exclusive license to generate, distribute and sell electricity in Saint Lucia up to 2045.  Owing to rising tariffs to customers, there have been pressures to deregulate the industry and end LUCELEC’s monopoly.  In CariCRIS’ opinion, competition appears unlikely in the sector over the medium term, given the lack of economies of scale.  If competition does emerge, it will be limited to generation.  Setting up a transmission and distribution network will entail high costs, which will then need to be passed on to the customer, defeating the purpose of deregulation.
The company has maintained a healthy financial profile marked by strong operating profit margins and favorable debt protection measures.  LUCELEC experienced strong revenue growth with a three-year compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 28% (excluding fuel surcharge) and a good CAGR of 19% (excluding fuel surcharge) over the last five years.  LUCELEC’s low cost structure, breakeven level at 35%, has enabled the generation of healthy earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) margins with a three-year average of 30% (40% calculated without fuel surcharge).  The strong operating profits and declining interest costs as a percentage of sales have led to good net profit margins of around 13% (without fuel surcharge) in 2007.  Although declining moderately, profitability measures continue to remain healthy for the 9 months to September 2008 with EBITDA margin of 23.9%, Profit after Tax margin of 8.3% and ROCE of 12.5%.  Debt protection measures are healthy with an interest cover (EBITDA/finance charges) of 9.9 times and a debt service coverage ratio (DSCR)[2] of 2.1 times in 2007.  For the 9 months to September 2008 debt protection measures continue to remain healthy with a moderate decline in the interest cover to 8.6 times and an improved DSCR to 5 times.  The ratio of net cash accruals to total debt improved to 0.4 times for the 9 months to September 2008 from 0.28 times in 2007, when it was curtailed by high dividend payouts of around 64%.
Over the years, LUCELEC has continuously improved its operating efficiencies through investment in its transmission and distribution network to reduce losses.  On the generation side, in 2003 LUCELEC was awarded by its equipment supplier, Wartsila, the best maintained Wartsila Diesel Power Plant in the world over a four year period (1998 to 2002).  LUCELEC outperforms the equipment manufacturer’s specifications on fuel efficiency due to timely servicing and constant maintenance of generation equipment.  The operating parameters are among the highest of its regional peers[3].  The company derives locational advantages from the power plant situated close to its key oil supplier’s terminal, resulting in low transportation costs.  From the distribution side, the generation plants are located in the vicinity of key consumer centers and main tourist areas.
These rating strengths are tempered by the following:
Electricity demand is cyclical, largely influenced by the tourism sector in Saint Lucia.  The fall-out from the current global financial crisis and its effect on global economic growth will impact the revenue stream of LUCELEC.  The commercial segment contributes on average 56% to LUCELEC’s total sales.  The diversity in the tourist profile aids in mitigating this cyclicality, but the company is exposed to external risk factors from conditions in the source markets and natural disasters.
LUCELEC is not directly affected by increases in fuel prices as some protection is offered through the Electricity Supply Act which allows the company to pass on the excess fuel prices to the consumers.  The increase in electricity tariff, from any increase in fuel prices can account for as much as 10% of a small hotel’s cost.  This leads to lower off-take from these commercial establishments as they initiate efforts to conserve energy.  As 56% of LUCELEC’s sales are to the commercial segment, it is indirectly exposed to the risks arising from increasing fuel prices.  However, over the last five months fuel prices have significantly declined, resulting in approximately 30% reduction in tariff to customers.
The company generates power at a single plant at Cul de Sac, Castries.  LUCELEC is thus exposed to operational risk as there is no formalized disaster recovery mechanism, which is particularly important in a region prone to hurricanes.  The company is in the process of making final amendments to a draft recovery plan.  LUCELEC has discontinued the joint insurance policy with two utilities in the Caribbean region – Dominica Electricity Services Ltd (DOMLEC) and St. Vincent Electricity Services Limited (VINLEC) for transmission and distribution infrastructure.  Instead, the company has opted for self-insurance with an approximate value of EC $15 million, retaining the risk in a hurricane-prone region.
Contacts:

Arjoon Harripaul, Head – Ratings, CariCRIS

Tel: 868-627-8879
Annisa Beharry, Rating Analyst, CariCRIS
Tel: 868-627-8879
Disclaimer: CariCRIS has taken due care and caution in compilation of data for this product. Information has been obtained by CariCRIS from sources which it considers reliable. However, CariCRIS does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy or completeness of any information and is not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of such information. No part of this report may be published / reproduced in any form without CariCRIS’ prior written approval.  CariCRIS is also not responsible for any errors in transmission and especially states that it has no financial liability whatsoever to the subscribers/users/transmitters/distributors of this product.

 


[1] The term Caribbean as used here covers the following countries: Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Panama, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago and the following countries in the OECS: Anguilla, Antigua & Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, St. Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia and St. Vincent & the Grenadines. Refer www.caricris.com for a more detailed explanation on CariCRIS ratings and rating definitions.
[2] DSCR is computed as operating cashflows/debt service burden
[3] Regional peers of LUCELEC – Dominica Electricity Services Limited, Grenada Electricity Services Limited, Barbados Light and Power Holdings Limited and Jamaica Public Service Limited